一种引射增强型二次喉道新方案的数值模拟

为提高大型超声速风洞的运行经济性，设计了一种通过引射低总压冷介质提高扩压性能的新型二次喉道扩压器，其结构特征是在扩压器收敛段前方增加侧壁凹槽，在凹槽前沿位置引入低总压常温空气作为冷介质，通过引射扩散作用在扩压器壁面形成气膜，调节二次喉道实际流通直径，较大程度上增强二次喉道的静压恢复能力，同时又降低二次喉道壁面热负荷，冷却壁面。数值验证结果表明，所设计新型二次喉道方案可通过调节引射气量自适应较宽范围的运行条件，有效隔离扩压器壁面直接接触高温燃气，同时提高了扩压能力，节省后段接力引射器的主动流流量近30%，对风洞运行经济性提升十分明显。     

Maximal admissible mode decision delay in terminal guidance

Mode decision-maker is a critical component in the logic-based Integrated Estimation and Guidance(IEG) system. For the best possible estimation and guidance performance, the mode decision delay of the mode decision-maker should be limited to a range as small as possible. This paper presents a numerical method for computing the maximal admissible mode decision delay that varies with time-to-go. Particular attention has been paid to highly maneuvering target interception in terminal guidance. The results of this research offer useful guidelines for the design of the mode decision-maker in IEG systems.     

二元曲面可调进气道流量系数精确预测方法

为了满足二元曲面可调进气道模态转换马赫数范围(来流马赫数为2.2~3.2)的流量要求,针对唇口平移、转动和转动+平移三种调节方案,基于理论分析和基准进气道的流场,提出了一种流量系数精确预测方法,并通过数值计算进行验证且获得了进气道的总体性能。结果表明:调节后的进气道流量系数与预测值完全相等,而且无需多次试算,符合设计预期,可拓展应用于轴对称进气道。相对基准进气道,唇口前移时流量系数和压缩效率同时增加,来流马赫数为2.5时出口总压恢复系数相等而增压比增加了14.6%;在降低相同流量系数条件下,后移唇口使得增压比和压缩效率均降低,来流马赫数为2.5时出口总压恢复系数基本相等而增压比减小了12.9%,转动唇口使增压比进一步减小了9.1%,唇口后移方案性能更优。      

利用微波探测仪(ATMS)对在轨微波辐射计观测精度的模拟分析

微波辐射计的观测精度及其对数值模式同化应用的影响评估是微波辐射计观测指标设计的重要参考。基于微波探测仪(ATMS)资料,利用三维变分同化系统模拟分析在轨微波辐射计的观测精度指标。针对ATMS观测误差特征,在其观测基础上增加均值为零、标准偏差分别为0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0K的正态随机扰动,进而获得不同精度的观测模拟值序列,然后利用Harris和Kelley的辐射资料偏差订正经验方法订正不同精度的观测资料。偏差订正后,利用三维变分同化模式(WRFDA)直接同化ATMS资料。通过2016年6月6h预报场的同化试验,评估了不同观测精度的模拟资料对数值模式的同化影响。     

Fault mode probability factor based fault-tolerant control for dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper presents a Fault Mode Probability Factor (FMPF) based Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy for multiple faults of Dissimilar Redundant Actuation System (DRAS) composed of Hydraulic Actuator (HA) and Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA). The long-term service and severe working conditions can result in multiple gradual faults which can ultimately degrade the system performance, resulting in the system model drift into the fault state characterized with parameter uncertainty. The paper proposes to address this problem by using the historical statistics of the multiple gradual faults and the proposed FMPF to amend the system model with parameter uncertainty. To balance the system model precision and computation time, a Moving Window (MW) method is used to determine the applied historical statistics. The FMPF based FTC strategy is developed for the amended system model where the system estimation and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) are updated at the end of system sampling period. The simulations of DRAS system subjected to multiple faults have been performed and the results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

液氮贮箱自增压实验与数值仿真

为研究低温推进剂在常温下的自增压过程，设计了以液氮为模拟介质可视化低温玻璃贮箱自增压实验系统，研究了自增压过程压力和温度的变化规律及体积充填率对压力和温度变化的影响。实验结果表明：气枕区和液体区存在显著的轴向温度分层，液体区温度的上升速率低于压力引起饱和温度的上升速率。压力上升分为有典型意义的三段：初始段、过渡段和稳定段，稳定段的压力上升速率随体积充填率增加而增加。液体区的对流运动在自增压过程受到抑制，气液界面逐渐进入准静止状态。并以实验测得温度作为边界条件，采用流体体积（VOF）模型对整个自增压过程进行了175 s的数值仿真。仿真得到的压力曲线变化规律与实验结果基本一致，稳定段的压力上升速率是实验值的1.58倍。本文得到的自增压物理参数变化规律，为低温推进剂的贮存和贮箱的热防护设计提供参考。     

A holistic approach to SIM platform and its application to early-warning satellite system

This study proposes a new simulation platform named Simulation Integrated Management (SIM) for the analysis of parallel and distributed systems. The platform eases the process of designing and testing both applications and architectures. The main characteristics of SIM are flexibility, scalability, and expandability. To improve the efficiency of project development, new models of early-warning satellite system were designed based on the SIM platform. Finally, through a series of experiments, the correctness of SIM platform and the aforementioned early-warning satellite models was validated, and the systematical analyses for the orbital determination precision of the ballistic missile during its entire flight process were presented, as well as the deviation of the launch/landing point. Furthermore, the causes of deviation and prevention methods will be fully explained. The simulation platform and the models will lay the foundations for further validations of autonomy technology in space attack-defense architecture research.     

密封舱内漂浮小球运动规律的数值模拟研究

"天宫二号"空间实验室开展了首次人机协同在轨维修技术试验,机械臂操作终端抓取漂浮小球试验为在轨试验任务之一。为研究漂浮小球与机械臂操作终端运动特性之间的匹配性,文章建立了在轨微重力环境下小球运动的物理模型与数学模型,采用动网格方法对不同小球的运动特性进行数值模拟,得到小球的运动规律,由此确定小球的设计参数范围,作为机械臂操作终端系统方案设计的依据。最终,数值模拟结果与"天宫二号"空间实验室在轨试验数据的对比初步验证了该计算结果的正确性。     

软着陆验证试验中月面特性模拟方法

月面特性的模拟是月面软着陆验证试验的重要设计因素。文章结合探测器的设计状态和试验需求,论述了月面特性模拟的具体要求;基于月面地形统计分布规律,实现了月面原始形貌的模拟;通过高程剔除设计和模块化组合设计,实现了对多种典型月貌的快速模拟;最后通过月表反射特性的模拟,全面满足了试验要求,并取得了良好的试验效果。文中所述的模拟方法可为我国后续行星表面探测器及着陆技术的验证提供借鉴。     

Cutting path-dependent machinability of SiCp/Al composite under multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting

Particle-tool interactions, which govern the synergetic deformation of SiC particle reinforced Al matrix composites under mechanical machining, strongly depend on the geometry of particle position residing on cutting path. In the present work, we investigate the influence of cutting path on the machinability of a SiCp/Al composite in multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting by combining finite element simulations with experimental observations and characterization. Be consistent with experimentally characterized microstructures, the simulated SiCp/Al composite is considered to be composed of randomly distributed polygonally-shaped SiC particles with a volume fraction of 25vol%. A multi-step cutting strategy with depths of cut ranging from 2 to 10 μm is adopted to achieve an ultimate depth of cut of 10 μm. Intrinsic material parameters and extrinsic cutting conditions utilized in finite element simulations of SiCp/Al cutting are consistent with those used in corresponding experiments. Simulation results reveal different particle-tool interactions and failure modes of SiC particles, as well as their correlations with machining force evolution, residual stress distribution and machined surface topography. A detailed comparison between numerical simulation results and experimental data of multi-step diamond cutting of SiCp/Al composite reveals a substantial impact of the number of cutting steps on particle-tool interactions and machined surface quality. These findings provide guidelines for achieving high surface finish of SiCp/Al composites by ultra-precision diamond cutting.